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Below you will find a list of frequently asked questions – xymen.pl
1. Which rainwater tank to choose – underground or above ground?

An above-ground tank is used when we want to easily store rainwater from the roof without disturbing the garden with earthworks. The main advantages of this type of tank are its simple installation and the possibility of relocating it later. Its disadvantages, however, include the space it occupies, the fact that it may look unsightly in the yard, and, with some roof structures, the ability to collect water only from one section of the roof (a single gutter downpipe). Moreover, above-ground tanks cannot collect water from, for example, perimeter drainage around the house.
An underground tank is useful wherever space is limited or where you don’t want the tank to be visible. It allows water to be collected from almost the entire property, whether from the roof or from perimeter drainage.

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Choosing the right rainwater tank can be a complex decision. First, you need to know how much water you want available during the summer season. This can be easily estimated if you’ve previously used municipal water to irrigate your garden—simply check how much your bill increased, work out the extra usage, and take an average. However, it’s important to remember that in today’s climate we often see heavy downpours followed by long dry spells, so it’s better to invest in a larger tank than risk running out of water. Some people size their tank based on the overall plot area and/or the catchment area, meaning the part of the property from which water can be collected into the tank. This is a very professional approach, but it doesn’t take into account the uneven rainfall patterns mentioned earlier.

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in preparation

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Theoretically, rainwater tanks don’t need cleaning, thanks to the filter baskets installed at the inlets. However, some tanks are sold without these baskets, so if no filter is installed before the tank, all debris will end up inside. Cleaning can also be quite challenging, as the inspection hatch usually has a small diameter.

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A domestic sewage treatment plant should be located so that wastewater discharged from the building travels the shortest possible distance. This prevents cooling, as higher temperatures promote more intensive decomposition. The underground flow-through settling tank, which serves as the preliminary treatment stage of the system, may be installed close to a single-family house, provided it is properly vented through a sewer pipe extending at least 0.6 m above the top edge of windows and exterior doors. If this condition is not met, the settling tank must be located at least 5 m away from the building. Where the pipe from the building to the tank is longer, it should be insulated.
When choosing the location for the settling tank, it must also be positioned at least 15 m away from the nearest well and no closer than 2 m to the property boundary or a road. Additionally, a safe clearance of 1.5 m from gas and water pipes, and 0.8 m from electrical cables, must be maintained.

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In good ground conditions, a single-chamber ecological treatment plant will provide drainage for approximately 10 years. A two- or three-chamber ecological treatment plant will provide drainage for approximately 20 years. A good biological treatment plant will provide drainage for approximately 100 years.

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Domestic sewage treatment plants usually require emptying excess sludge once a year.

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It is possible to convert a concrete septic tank into a sewage treatment plant, provided that the tank is watertight and certified.

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Ecological treatment plants consist of one of three anaerobic treatment chambers. Through a special installation, wastewater flows into the first chamber. There, substances heavier than water settle to the bottom under the influence of gravity, while lighter substances float to the surface. These phenomena are called sedimentation and flotation. The first chamber has an opening at the appropriate height for the pre-clarified liquid to flow into and into the second chamber. The same processes occur there as in the first chamber, resulting in improved purification. Once the wastewater has been mechanically treated, it flows through a special filter, which further removes residual contaminants. The pre-treated water is then transported to a percolation drain, which distributes the liquid into the ground. There, the remaining organic substances gradually decompose into inorganic compounds. These compounds, however, are in no way harmful to the environment. The remaining, purified water flows into nearby groundwater.

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An ecological treatment plant, also known as an ecological septic tank or a drainage treatment plant, is anaerobic treatment in the tank, while aerobic treatment occurs in the drainage field. This means that the treated water cannot be recovered. Permeable soil (sand, gravel) is essential for installing this type of treatment plant. A biological treatment plant is a multi-chamber tank with an aerated activated bed. This allows both aerobic and anaerobic treatment to occur within the tank. In this type of solution, the treated water can be reused, for example, for garden irrigation. A percolation drain is not necessary. Treated wastewater can also be discharged into a drainage well or a watercourse.

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The primary difference between a drainage treatment plant and a tunnel treatment plant lies in the surface area of the infiltration system. A drainage treatment plant is suitable for larger areas, whereas a tunnel system is a better choice for smaller plots.

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It is assumed to correspond to the amount of water consumed. According to design guidelines, the demand for homes with full sanitary facilities is approximately 150 liters per day per resident, meaning that in the case of a sewage treatment plant for four people, this would be 600 liters. The size of a treatment plant is sometimes also defined by the number of people it can serve. This is known as the population equivalent. The capacity of a domestic treatment plant for four people should be at least 2000 liters.

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The frequency of bacterial replenishment depends on the biopreparation manufacturer, but on average every four weeks.

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The amount of the biopreparation is portioned by the manufacturer and the dosing instructions should be followed.

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Double-walled tanks are made of two shells, or protective layers, which ensures their reliability. If the liquid stored in the first chamber begins to leak, it will not enter the environment but will instead accumulate in the space between the two shells. A single-walled tank does not offer this protection, and any damage may result in a leak.

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AD.16 Tanks with a capacity of up to and including 2,500 liters are not subject to inspections or audits (they fall under a simplified form of supervision), whereas tanks exceeding 2,500 liters are subject to an external inspection every two years. No permit for operation is issued for equipment covered by simplified technical supervision.

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The distribution system consists of

– suction line fitted with a non-return valve

– filter-separator (additional option)

– pumps with bypass — reinforced hose

– automatic nozzle with swivel coupling

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Rainwater tanks should be properly insulated or emptied in the winter, especially if they’re above ground. Underground tanks are less susceptible to temperature fluctuations.

Double-shell tanks provide additional protection against leaks, which increases safety and minimizes the risk of soil contamination in the event of damage to the inner lining.

It is best to entrust the installation of a sewage treatment plant to specialists to ensure that all legal and technical requirements are met and that the system operates correctly.

Yes, rainwater tanks should be cleaned regularly, and filters and rainwater collection systems must be checked periodically for contamination.

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